Which document established the principle that no one, including the king, is above the law?

The Magna Carta is the document that established the principle that no one, including the king, is above the law. Signed in 1215, this charter was a result of the grievances of rebellious English barons against King John. It introduced the idea that even monarchs must respect certain legal procedures and the rights of the governed. This principle laid the foundation for the development of constitutional law and the concept of limited government, influencing later legal documents and democratic governance.

The other options do contribute to the evolution of law and rights but do not specifically embody the foundational principle of rule of law in the same way. The English Bill of Rights focused on the rights of Parliament and individuals in relation to the monarchy, while the Declaration of Independence articulated principles of liberty and equality but did not explicitly address the concept of the rule of law. The Constitution establishes the framework for the government of the United States and includes checks and balances but was created much later, far removed from the establishment of the principle in the Magna Carta.