What was the primary focus of the Enlightenment movement in the 18th century?

The Enlightenment movement of the 18th century emphasized reason as the primary source of authority and legitimacy. Thinkers of this era, often referred to as "philosophes," championed rational thought, empirical evidence, and the scientific method as the means to understand and improve the world. This focus on reason prompted a questioning of established norms, traditions, and dogmas, particularly those related to the government, religion, and social institutions. Enlightenment philosophers believed that human beings could use reason to discern truth and promote progress, leading to advancements in various fields, including philosophy, science, and politics.

The movement encouraged individuals to think critically about their surroundings and challenged the unquestioned acceptance of authority derived from religion or tradition. By prioritizing rationality and evidence, Enlightenment thinkers laid the groundwork for modern democratic practices and scientific investigation, fostering an environment that nurtured intellectual and cultural growth.